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Kazakhstan, the ninth largest country globally – seriously, it’s about the size of all of Western Europe – is packed with fascinating places to explore.
While the name “Kazakhstan” might conjure up images of a single, monolithic culture, the reality is far richer and more diverse. From the ancient Silk Road cities to the modern metropolis of Astana, Kazakhstan offers a tapestry of experiences: breathtaking natural beauty, a fascinating mix of traditions, and a welcoming spirit that will leave a lasting impression. Forget the stereotypes; this is the real Kazakhstan, a country ready to surprise and delight.
Must-See Spots in Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, a melting pot of cultures – with influences from Turkic, Mongol, and Russian traditions – boasts an incredibly rich history. While roughly 70% of the population is Muslim and 26% Christian, there’s no official religion, and you’ll find a fascinating blend of traditions everywhere. And while Almaty’s buzz and size makes it feel like the heart of everything, Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana) is the actual capital. Getting used to the name changes is just part of the fun of living here!
Historical & Cultural Gems
Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi (Turkistan)
This place is truly awe-inspiring. The sheer scale of the mausoleum, started in 1389 and finally finished in 2000, is incredible. It’s a testament to the enduring legacy of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, a revered Sufi mystic. Visiting hours are from 9 am to 6 pm, and trust me, it’s worth dedicating an afternoon to.
Hazrat Sultan Mosque (Nur-Sultan)
Even though it’s relatively new, the Hazrat Sultan Mosque is the largest in Central Asia. Named after Hazrat Sultan, another name for Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, it’s a beautiful example of modern Islamic architecture and a must-see in the capital.
Palace of Peace and Reconciliation (Nur-Sultan)
This pyramid-shaped building is a symbol of Kazakhstan’s diverse population. It’s home to a university, museum, opera hall, winter garden, and believe it or not – 18 different places of worship! The doves at the top, representing over 130 nations, perfectly capture the spirit of unity.
Central State Museum (Almaty)
If you like history as much as I do, don’t miss this museum. Packed with artefacts dating back centuries, it’s a great place to delve into Kazakhstan’s rich past. Open from Wednesday to Sunday, don’t miss the fascinating collection of ancient gold jewellery. It will give you a real insight into the ancient nomadic cultures that thrived here.
Zenkov Cathedral (Almaty)
A beautiful wooden cathedral right in the heart of Almaty, it’s a testament to the city’s multicultural heritage. Definitely worth a visit, especially if you’re interested in architecture. It’s completely made of wood, and miraculously never needed a single nail in construction.
Nur-Astana Mosque (Nur-Sultan)
This stunning mosque, with its gleaming white façade and golden dome, is a must-see in Nur-Sultan. The architecture is incredible, and the peaceful atmosphere is truly special. The numbers 40 (height) and 63 (minaret height) represent the ages of Prophet Muhammad at key moments in his life.
Museum of Kazakh Folk Musical Instruments (Almaty)
Housed in a beautiful building dating back to 1908, this museum has a unique collection of Kazakh instruments. Open from Tuesday to Sunday. I love folk music, and some of these instruments I’d never even seen before – the dombra, the kobyz – so unique and evocative of the Kazakh steppe.
Natural Wonders
Tamgaly-Tas Petroglyphs (near Almaty)
These ancient rock carvings, some dating back to 3000 BC, offer a glimpse into the lives of people who roamed these lands thousands of years ago. Imagine seeing depictions of deer, goats, and humans etched into the rock – it’s quite an experience.
Korgalzhyn State Nature Reserve (near Nur-Sultan)
A UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, this is a birdwatcher’s paradise. If you’re lucky, you might spot some of the rare and migratory birds that call this area home. It’s especially stunning in the warmer months.
Charyn Canyon (Charyn National Park)
Often called the “Grand Canyon of Kazakhstan,” Charyn Canyon is a breathtaking natural wonder. I went on a day trip here last summer and was blown away by the dramatic rock formations and the sheer scale of the place. Remember your hiking boots!
City Experiences
Kok Bazaar (Almaty)
Ready for a sensory overload? Then head to Kok Bazaar! This bustling market is a feast for the senses – from the colorful piles of spices to the aroma of fresh baked bread. You can find everything here, from traditional Kazakh crafts to everyday groceries. Don’t be afraid to haggle – it’s all part of the fun.
Bayterek Tower (Nur-Sultan)
Take a ride up the Bayterek Tower for panoramic views of Nur-Sultan. The tower itself is a unique piece of architecture, symbolizing a mythical tree of life. It even has a golden handprint of the first president at the top! I went up just before sunset – magic!
